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Journal of Conflict Resolution
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What's this?

After 9/11

Is it all Different Now?

Walter Enders

Department of Economics, Finance, and Legal Studies, University of Alabama

Todd Sandler

School of International Relations, University of Southern California

Using time-series procedures, the authors investigate whether transnational terrorism changed following 9/11 and the subsequent U.S.-led "war on terror." Perhaps surprising, little has changed in the time series of overall incidents and most of its component series. When 9/11 is prejudged as a break date, the authors find that logistically complex hostage-taking events have fallen as a proportion of all events, while logistically simple, but deadly, bombings have increased as a proportion of deadly incidents. These results hold when they apply the Bai-Perron procedure in which structural breaks are data identified. This procedure locates earlier breaks in the mid-1970s and 1990s. Reasonable out-of-sample forecasts are possible if structural breaks are incorporated fairly rapidly into the model.

Key Words: after 9/11 • terrorism • time series • intervention analysis • forecasts • Bai-Perron test • war on terror

Journal of Conflict Resolution, Vol. 49, No. 2, 259-277 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0022002704272864
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